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What does organic chemistry study?

  1. Inorganic substances

  2. Carbon-containing substances that were once alive

  3. Electrochemical reactions

  4. Water-based solutions

The correct answer is: Carbon-containing substances that were once alive

Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies the structure, properties, and reactions of carbon-based compounds, which are essential components of living organisms. Carbon-containing substances that were once alive are referred to as organic compounds, such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Inorganic substances, such as minerals and metals, are not studied in organic chemistry. Electrochemical reactions and water-based solutions are studied in other branches of chemistry, but not specifically in organic chemistry. Therefore, the correct answer is B.